J. C. Ghildiyal , Savita Bisht , Rakhi Jadli

Abstract

Tarkeshwar, a sacred grove in Garhwal Himalaya is situated in Tarasar Reserve Forest (29°50'05" N and 78°47'35" E) occupying 825.5 ha in Garhwal Forest Division out of which 314 ha is generally considered as sacred grove. The sacred grove is named on the presence of a centrally located 600 years old temple of Lord Shiva called Tarasar or Tarkeshwar. There are many legends and myths which are associated with this sacred grove according to the nearby villagers. In a round the year collection this sacred grove revealed 372 taxa of phanerogams and cryptogams. Out of 372 plant species, 311 were angiosperms, 4 gymnosperms, 16 pteridophytes, 15 bryophytes, 23 fungal species. Amongst angiosperms, 261 were dicotyledons belonging to 78 families and 50 were monocotyledons belonging to 10 families. The dominant family of angiosperms in the area was Asteraceae followed by, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Acanthaceae, Rosaceae, Polygonaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Urticaceae, Amaranthaceae and Cucurbitaceae. The most dominant genera were Ipomea and Hypericum.

Keywords

Biodiversity, Conservation, Sacred Grove, Tarkeshwar Temple, Garhwal Himalayas

Full Text

     

J. C. Ghildiyal , M. M. Srivastava

Abstract

Manu Swamp, a sub-tropical fresh-water swamp lies in Compartment 4 of Barkot Forest Range, Eastern Doon Forest Division in the foothills on Rishikesh-Hardwar road (30° 07'N latitude 78°19' E longitude). The ischolar_main system of characteristic plant species was observed selecting the representative of each plant community of Manu Swamp. All the representatives of different communities in Manu Swamp showed the phenomenon of heterorrhizae. The heterorrhizae represented was of typical type except in Adhatoda zeylanica where a typical heterrorrhizae was there, due to its basic terrestrial habit. In most of these plants brachyrrhizae were poorly developed, due to availability of water in plenty. Macrorrhizae were prominent in all species. The shallow ischolar_main system, the presence of stilts ischolar_mains in Trewia nudiflora, peg ischolar_main like structures in Bischofia javanica, the surface ischolar_mains running horizontally in Trewia nudiflora and Bischofia javanica and the presence of ischolar_main buttresses in all trees show the adaptability of these plants to water-logged conditions of fresh-water swamp.The interwoven nature of ischolar_main system and presence of underground rhizome in most of herbs and shrubs present in swamp proper, played important role in binding of soil particles in water-logged soil.

Full Text

     

J. C. Ghildiyal , Govind S. Rajwar , Indu Bughani , R. S. Verma

Abstract

No abstract

Full Text

     

J. C. Ghildiyal , Meenakshi Juyal

Abstract

Lal Dhang Forest Range, the interior range of Lansdowne Forest Division is uninhabited and densely forested with rich biodiversity. The exploration of this range yielded 700 plant species belonging to 141 families and 459 genera. Out of the total species recorded, 540 were Dicotyledons, 108 Monocotyledons, 1 Gymnosperm, 19 Pteridophytes, 12 Bryophytes and 20 fungi. During present study, the dominant family was Leguminosae (sensu lata) where as, the dominant genera was Ficus. Other co-dominant families of the area were Poaceae, Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Acanthaceae, Lamiaceae, Moraceae, Malvaceae, Rubiaceae and Scrophulariceae. Monocot Dicot ratio of this region was 1:5 and species genera ratio was 1:1.5.

Keywords

Lansdowne Forest Division, Lal Dhang Forest Range, Flora, Biodiversity, Biotic Interference, Systematic Enumeration

Full Text

     

J. C. Ghildiyal , Meenakshi Juyal

Abstract

A detailed study of Lansdowne Forest Division shows that the biodiversity of the area constitutes 1402 living organisms represented by 1181 plants species and 220 faunal spp. Plants are represented by 1111 angiosperms, 4 Gymnosperm, 23 Pteridophytes, 15 Bryophytes and 29 fungi. The dominant plant family in the area is Leguminosae (sensu lato,134) followed by Poaceae (102) and Asteraceae (68), the dominant genus is Ficus(15). Fauna of the area include 45 Mammals, 29 Reptiles, 94 birds and 52 fishes. Monocot-Dicot ratio of this region is 1:4 and species genera ratio is 1:1.7.

Keywords

Lansdowne Forest Division, Flora, Biodiversity, Biotic Interference

Full Text

     

J. C. Ghildiyal , M. M. Srivastava

Abstract

Manu Swamp of Rishikesh supports vegetation entirely different than the surroundings due to its uneven topography and different microclimatic conditions, Based on the topography and vegetation, it is divisible into swamp proper and swamp forest. 1 he swamp proper is composed of hydropbytic, amphibious, sedge, bush and fern, cane-break and tree communities, The swamp forest is composed of trees, shrubs and herbs. Epiphytic orchids are also common in this tropical fresh-water swamp forest. Its vegetation represents five strata. It differs with other swamps of Doon valley in species composition and dominance.

Full Text

     

J. C. Ghildiyal , Prabhakar Chandra Bebni

Abstract

Charekh ka Danda lies in Matiyali Range of Lansdowne forest division, situated in Dugadda Block of District Pauri Garhwal in Uttarakhand (India) and is situated between 29° 47' 36.49" to 29° 50'15.12" North latitude and 78° 28' 07.67" to 78° 33'32" East Longitude, at an altitude of 800m -1803m in outer Himalaya. An extensive study of the area yielded 601 plant species belonging to 145 families and 440 genera in a round the year collection. Out of the total species recorded. 453 were dicotyledons, 77 monocotyledons, 41 bryophytes, 28 pteridophytes and 02 gymnosperms. In the present study, the dominant family with 46 species was Leguminosae (sensu lato) whereas, the dominant genera were Ficus and Euphorbia with 10 and 8 species respectively. Other co-dominant families of the area are Poaceae (30), Asteraceae (29), Euphorbiaceae (20), Lamiaceae (19), Acanthaceae (18), Moraceae (14), Rubiaceae (14), Amaranthaceae (13) and Rosaceae (12). Monocot - Dicot ratio of this region is 1: 5.88 and species genera ratio is 1: 1.37.The area is rich in its faunal diversity also.

Keywords

Biodiversity, Charekh Ka Danda, Charak, Garhwal Himalaya, Uttarakhand

Full Text

     

J. C. Ghildiyal ¹, Naveen Barthwal ¹, Ajay Khantwal ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Botany, Dr. P.D.B.H. Government Post Graduate College, Kotdwar (Uttarakhand), IN

Abstract

Deeva Ka Daanda a sacred grove in Garhwal Himalaya, is a tradionally protected forest area with its rich plant diversity. It occupies an area in West Ameli Range in Garhwal Forest Division. The biological spectrum of this sacred grove reveals that the vegetation of this area is thero-phanerophytic. The life-forms observed were Phanerophytes (26.82%), Chamaephytes (5.79%), Hemicrytophytes (4.63%), Cryptophytes (7.45%), and Therophytes (34.1%).

Keywords

Life-Forms, Biological Spectrum, Deeva Ka Daanda, Sacred Grove, Garhwal Himalaya.

Full Text